Key points of planning and design for the expansion of mountain canyons and upstream projects in tourist attractions

1 Project Overview

1.1 Project positioning

This project relies on natural canyon river resources to create a commercial outdoor high-risk cultural and tourism project that integrates river tracing experience, canyon expansion, study tour team building, and natural experience. The project route is graded and equipped with large non powered amusement facilities, catering to three customer groups: parent-child study tours, youth team building, and professional outdoor enthusiasts; Design, manufacture, install, inspect, and operate in accordance with current equipment specifications, water conservancy, forestry, and high-risk sports regulations.

The project follows the general principles of minimal intervention, natural landscaping, safety priority, and flood priority, without changing the main flood discharge pattern of the river, without encroaching on the flood discharge section of the river, and protecting the original geological, hydrological, and vegetation ecology of the canyon.

1.2 Scope of Construction

The construction scope includes: main entrance distribution service area, equipment replacement and flushing area, upstream grading main line, water crossing obstacle nodes, high-altitude refuge points, emergency evacuation channels, high-altitude expansion branch lines, line guidance and early warning system, monitoring and communication system, logistics materials and emergency points. The project land involves canyon river bank slopes, forest land, and river management scope. In the early stage, land use, forestry, water conservation, and river permit verification need to be completed.

1.3 Design Basis

1. TSG 71-2023 "Safety Regulations for Large scale Amusement Facilities"

2. Flood Control Law of the People's Republic of China and Regulations on River Management

3. Technical Specifications for Soil and Water Conservation

4. Management regulations related to high-risk sports business activities

5. Hydrological and geological survey report of the project area (results of 10-year and 20-year flood levels)

Site survey and foundation condition analysis

2.1 Hydrological conditions

The canyon belongs to a mountain stream river channel, with fast convergence and short peak duration. Short term heavy rainfall can easily trigger mountain floods. The design adopts a 20-year flood level as the control elevation.

·Mark the main stream line, deep pools, waterfalls, rocky beaches, and groundwater seepage zones of the main river channel;

·Identify the historical range of mountain flood inundation and the response time to rising water;

·Set up permanent water level signs on the rock wall: warning water level, evacuation water level, and no entry water level;

·Install automatic monitoring equipment for rainfall and water level upstream, linked with sound and light warnings.

All fixed platforms, anchor points, guardrail foundations, equipment stations, and rest points have a bottom elevation higher than the 20-year flood level; No fixed structures shall be installed below the flood level line.

2.2 Geological conditions

Complete the stability evaluation of the bank slope and divide it into stable bedrock areas, weathered and fractured zones, slope and gravel accumulation areas, and rockfall and collapse hazard areas.

·No routes, platforms, or anchor points are arranged in the areas of rockfall, collapse, and debris flow channels;

·The main anchor points of Feilada and zip line are located on intact and hard bedrock, avoiding through cracks, weak interlayers, and strongly weathered layers;

·The excavation section of the slope adopts anchor rods+spraying and greening to prevent soil erosion and slope collapse.

2.3 Ecological and Control Red Line

Review the ecological protection red line, public welfare forest, and river management scope line. Water crossing structures adopt cantilever and overhead structures; Prohibition of extensive hardening of riverbeds; Sewage and toilet facilities are not discharged into rivers, and are transported and disposed of through collection tanks; Control the excavation volume of earth and stone, and promptly carry out ecological restoration after completion.

2.4 Communication and Meteorological Conditions

The mobile communication signal inside the canyon is weak, and a wireless intercom relay system is planned to be built to achieve full line intercom coverage; Yakou and high-altitude rock walls are high-risk areas for lightning, and high-altitude special equipment platforms are equipped with lightning protection grounding systems.

3 Overall layout and functional zoning

The overall layout adopts an independent main line, parallel branch lines, and a circular evacuation route. The upstream pedestrian flow is physically separated from the high-altitude expansion pedestrian flow to avoid cross conflicts.

1. Entrance distribution service area (highland): ticket checking, tourist notification, risk briefing, equipment distribution, changing clothes and shower, drying, restroom, material warehouse, duty room, monitoring room; Set up warning gates and close the park directly if the rain exceeds the standard.

2. Stream tracing experience area (divided into three levels of routes)

·Primary route (parent-child study line): length 800-1200m, water depth ≤ 0.6m, waterfall ≤ 0.8m, all equipped with bypass roads, smooth and easy to pass through;

·Intermediate route (Youth League Building Line): 1200-2000m in length, with local deep pools ≤ 1.4m, small rock climbing, and multiple exit nodes set up;

·Advanced route (professional outdoor line): 1500-2500m in length, continuous deep pool, jumping pool, and narrow canyon sections, equipped with protective anchor points and static protection ropes along the entire line, limited to swimmers only;

3. High altitude extension branch lines: Feilada, canyon zip line, high-altitude suspension bridge, obstacle crossing, etc., independent entrances and exits, independent safety officer posts, with elevations higher than flood levels; The buffer zone under the zip line should avoid the main river channel and upstream pedestrian flow channel;

4. Evacuation and emergency system: Set up multiple high-altitude refuge platforms along the canyon (with water reserves, rainproof materials, and first aid kits); Equipped with independent mountain flood evacuation access roads, the entire route is above the once-in-20-year flood level, serving as the second escape route to ensure that the route does not form a one-way dead end;

5. Logistics emergency area: fixed AED points, emergency stretcher storage points, rescue equipment warehouse, and reserved space for external rescue vehicle connections.

4. Special design for upstream river routes and nodes

4.1 Design of wading nodes

Prioritize the use of native rocks as wading points; The newly added steps are made of rough stone and 316 stainless steel anti slip plates, with rounded edges and anti slip properties; The riverbed does not undergo overall hardening and does not compress the flood discharge section. Implement underwater exploration at deep pool and jumping pool nodes, remove hidden stones and piles; Jumping platforms are graded at 1.5m/3m/5m, and dedicated monitoring posts are set up at high jumping points; Install lifebuoys, rope throwing bags, and lifeguards by the edge of the pond, with clear water depth markings. The anchor seat of the full line protection rope is made of anti-corrosion stainless steel, and the single anchor point is calculated according to the rescue load and regularly inspected; The height of the protective rope should be arranged reasonably to avoid tripping tourists.

4.2 Design of interception and drainage and anti scouring measures

Continuous intercepting ditches are set up on the uphill side of the mountain to divert and discharge water from the slope to the river channel, reducing slope erosion; All support piers and anchor bases are equipped with anti filter layers to prevent flood erosion of the foundation; Leave sufficient water passage space at the bottom of the elevated platform.

4.3 Capacity control

Calculate the maximum instantaneous carrying capacity based on the bottleneck section of the line and the control ability of the safety officer, and implement current limiting control; Each branch line is equipped with exit nodes, which can be cleared in sections at any time.

Special design for 5 unpowered equipment

1. Conduct separate design calculations and load verification for all equipment;

2. Anchor points, steel cables, connectors, buffering systems, and braking systems are the core load-bearing components, made of corrosion-resistant and high safety materials; Priority should be given to 316 stainless steel and hot-dip galvanized high-strength components in wet water environments;

3. The up and down station platforms are independently set up, with separate pedestrian flow and upstream main line. A closed warning area is set up to prevent falling objects from injuring people below;

4. After the installation of the equipment is completed, apply for supervision and inspection, implement regular inspections, and ensure that the operators are certified and on duty.

Ordinary upstream obstacles, wooden bridges, and shallow water climbing facilities shall be managed as high-risk outdoor expansion facilities, and a separate safety technical plan shall be formulated.

6. Design of Warning, Monitoring, Identification, and Communication Systems

1. Monitoring and early warning system: upstream rain gauge, water level sensor, four level early warning mechanism (blue attention → yellow restriction of advanced routes → orange stop entering the park, orderly evacuation of personnel → red full line closure), linked with sound and light alarm and gate control;

2. Video surveillance: covering entrances, deep pools, narrow sections of canyons, special equipment loading and unloading stations, and emergency gathering points;

3. Identification and guidance system: Line classification signs, current location signs, evacuation route maps, flash flood warnings, rockfall warnings, water depth signs, lightning shelters, special equipment inspection signs, emergency contact numbers;

4. Communication system: Global wireless intercom relay station, equipped with walkie talkies for all security officers and on duty personnel.

7 Ecology, Soil and Water Conservation, and Pollution Prevention and Control

1. Excavate slopes for timely ecological restoration, and use local plants for spraying and greening;

2. Collect production and household waste along the entire line and transport it out on schedule;

3. Domestic sewage shall be transported in closed collection tanks, and direct discharge into rivers is strictly prohibited;

4. Strictly control night lighting and only install low-voltage lighting at entrances, emergency points, and escape routes; There is no landscape lighting installed inside the canyon.

8 Operations Organization and Personnel Configuration Planning

1. Job setting: Entrance risk notification and verification post, rain warning duty post, segmented river tracing safety officer, certified special equipment operation post, water rescue post, first aid post, patrol post;

2. Equipment management: life jackets, helmets, upstream protective equipment, water rescue ropes, throwing rope bags AED、 Classify and store buoyancy stretchers, establish a regular inspection and scrap ledger;

3. Training mechanism: Full staff mountain flood evacuation drills, water rescue drills, high-altitude rescue drills, no less than 4 times a year;

4. Insurance configuration: Adequate public liability insurance and high-risk project specific accident insurance.

9. Design of Emergency Rescue System

Develop a special emergency plan, including six major scenarios: flash flood emergency evacuation, drowning rescue, high-altitude falling, rockfall injury, lightning avoidance, and search and rescue for lost personnel.

·Fixed high-altitude safe haven locations, pre-set collective name calling mechanism;

·Collaborate with local firefighting and professional water rescue teams in advance to clarify the rescue connection route;

·The rescue channel is maintained and cleared year-round to ensure that it can pass through under harsh conditions.

10 Approval, Inspection, and Compliance Implementation Plan

1. Early stage: geological survey, hydrological calculation, water conservation plan, approval of construction projects within the scope of river management, and procedures for forest land use;

2. Facility stage: drawing review, manufacturing, installation supervision and inspection, usage registration; Expand facility safety assessment;

3. Operation stage: high-risk sports operation registration, opening safety evaluation, regular inspection of special equipment, and regular hidden danger investigation;

4. Data archiving: Factory data, inspection reports, anchor point testing reports, hydrogeological data, emergency plans, and drill records shall be uniformly archived for future reference.

11 Main Risk Control Points

1. Mountain floods are the first risk, relying on water level and rainfall warning+multi-channel evacuation for dual protection;

2. The risk of falling rocks is addressed through early avoidance, inspection and clearance, and warning isolation;

3. Corrosion risk: The anti-corrosion level of all stressed metal components is matched with the humid water environment of the canyon, and regular inspections and tensile testing are carried out;

4. Personnel risks: graded admission, swimming ability verification, full process safety officer supervision, and tourists are strictly prohibited from leaving the designated route.

If you need on-site site planning and design, please contact Mr. Xie at 13911620838